Awọn alurinmorin ilana ti Afowoyi aaki alurinmorin - SMAW

Idabobo Irin Arc Welding (abbreviated bi SMAW).Ilana naa jẹ: arc ti wa ni ipilẹṣẹ laarin elekiturodu ti a bo ati irin ipilẹ, ati ọna alurinmorin nipa lilo ooru arc lati yo elekiturodu ati irin ipilẹ.Apata ita ti elekiturodu ti wa ni bo pelu ṣiṣan alurinmorin ati yo nigbati o ba farahan si ooru, eyiti o ni awọn iṣẹ ti imuduro arc, dida slag, deoxidizing, ati isọdọtun.Nitoripe o nilo awọn ohun elo ti o rọrun ati iṣẹ ti o ni irọrun, o le ni irọrun welded si awọn welds ti a ṣe nipasẹ awọn ipo ọtọtọ ati awọn isẹpo oriṣiriṣi ni aaye.Nitorinaa, o tun wa ni lilo pupọ ni lọwọlọwọ.

olusin 1: Shielded Metal Arc Welding-asopọ

Alurinmorin aaki afọwọṣe han ni nọmba:
Ṣaaju ki o to alurinmorin, so awọn welded workpiece ati awọn alurinmorin tongs si awọn meji ọpá ti awọn ina alurinmorin ẹrọ ati dimole awọn alurinmorin ọpá pẹlu awọn alurinmorin tongs.Nigba alurinmorin, awọn alurinmorin ọpá ati awọn workpiece ni o wa ni instantaneous olubasọrọ, lara kan kukuru Circuit, ati ki o ti won ti wa ni niya nipa kan awọn ijinna (nipa 2-4mm), ati awọn aaki ti wa ni ignited.

olusin 2: Shielded Metal Arc Welding-ilana

Awọn workpiece labẹ awọn aaki yo lẹsẹkẹsẹ lati fẹlẹfẹlẹ kan ti ologbele-ofali didà pool.Lẹhin ti a ti yo ohun elo elekiturodu, apakan rẹ di gaasi ti o yika arc lati ya sọtọ kuro ninu afẹfẹ, nitorinaa aabo fun irin omi lati atẹgun ati nitrogen;apakan ti o di didà slag, tabi sprayed sinu didà pool nikan, tabi yo pẹlu awọn mojuto Awọn didà droplets ti olomi irin ti wa ni sprayed si didà pool papo.

Ninu aaki ati adagun didà, irin omi, slag ati gaasi arc yoo faragba diẹ ninu awọn iyipada ti ara ati kemikali pẹlu ara wọn, gẹgẹbi itu gaasi sinu irin olomi ati ifasilẹ-idinku ifoyina.Gaasi ati slag ninu adagun didà leefofo soke nitori iwuwo ina rẹ.Nigbati a ba yọ aaki kuro, iwọn otutu yoo lọ silẹ ati irin ati slag yoo di ọkan lẹhin ekeji.Ni ọna yii, awọn ege irin meji naa ni a darapo nipasẹ irin weld ti o yo ati crystallized.Nitori idinku ti slag yatọ si ti irin, yoo rọ lori ikarahun slag ati aala irin, ati pe ikarahun slag le ṣubu ni aifọwọyi, tabi ṣubu lẹhin ti o ti lu, ati irin weld okun pẹlu awọn irẹjẹ ẹja. le farahan.

Ohun elo akọkọ ti alurinmorin arc Afowoyi jẹ ẹrọ alurinmorin itanna.Ẹrọ alurinmorin itanna jẹ orisun agbara ti o ṣe agbejade arc alurinmorin, ati pe iru AC ati DC meji lo wa.Ni lọwọlọwọ, ọpọlọpọ awọn ẹrọ alurinmorin ina ti a ṣe ni Ilu China, eyiti o le pin si awọn ẹrọ alurinmorin ina AC ati awọn ẹrọ alurinmorin ina DC ni ibamu si eto wọn.

Awọn ọna asopọ oriṣiriṣi meji wa fun awọn ẹrọ alurinmorin DC.Nigbati awọn elekiturodu ti sopọ si odi elekiturodu ati awọn workpiece ti sopọ si rere elekiturodu, o jẹ awọn rere asopọ ọna;idakeji ni ọna asopọ yiyipada.Ni gbogbogbo, nigba alurinmorin pẹlu elekiturodu kekere-hydrogen ipilẹ (biiE7018, E7016), lati le jẹ ki arc sun ni iduroṣinṣin, o wa ni ilana lati lo ọna asopọ yiyipada DC;nigba lilo elekiturodu acid (biiE6013, J422) lati weld awọn apẹrẹ irin ti o nipọn, ọna asopọ siwaju ni a lo, nitori apakan anode Iwọn otutu ti o ga ju apakan cathode lọ, ati ọna asopọ siwaju le gba ijinle ilaluja nla;nigba alurinmorin tinrin irin farahan ati ki o ti kii-ferrous awọn irin, awọn ọna asopọ yiyipada ti lo.Nigbati alurinmorin pẹlu alternating lọwọlọwọ, niwon awọn polarity ayipada seyin, nibẹ ni ko si ye lati yan awọn polarity asopọ.
Ohun elo alurinmorin fun alurinmorin afọwọṣe jẹ ọpa alurinmorin eletiriki, eyiti o ni mojuto irin ati ibora kan ni ita ti mojuto irin (Tun woAwọn tiwqn ti awọn alurinmorin elekiturodu).

Alurinmorin mojuto
Awọn ipa ti irin mojuto (alurinmorin mojuto) jẹ nipataki lati se ina ati ki o dagba a pamosi irin pẹlu kan awọn tiwqn ni opin ti awọn elekiturodu.Awọn alurinmorin mojuto le ti wa ni ṣe ti awọn orisirisi irin.Awọn tiwqn ti alurinmorin mojuto taara yoo ni ipa lori awọn tiwqn ati iṣẹ ti awọn nile irin.Nitorinaa, mojuto alurinmorin ni a nilo lati dinku akoonu ti awọn eroja ipalara.Ni afikun si diwọn S ati P, diẹ ninu awọn ọpa alurinmorin ti nilo ipilẹ alurinmorin lati ṣakoso As, Sb, Sn ati awọn eroja miiran.

olusin 3: Tianqiao alurinmorin elekiturodu E6013

Aso flux
Electrode bo le tun ti wa ni a npe ni kun.Idi akọkọ ti ibora lori mojuto ni lati dẹrọ iṣẹ alurinmorin ati lati rii daju pe irin ti a fi silẹ ni akopọ kan ati iṣẹ ṣiṣe.Awọn ideri elekitirode le ṣe idapọ pẹlu awọn ọgọọgọrun awọn lulú ohun elo aise gẹgẹbi awọn oxides, carbonates, silicates, organics, fluorides, ferroalloys ati awọn ọja kemikali ni ibamu si ipin agbekalẹ kan.Orisirisi awọn ohun elo aise le pin si awọn ẹka wọnyi ni ibamu si ipa wọn ninu ibora elekiturodu:

1. Stabilizer jẹ ki elekiturodu rọrun lati bẹrẹ arc ati pe o le jẹ ki arc sisun ni iduroṣinṣin lakoko ilana alurinmorin.Eyikeyi nkan ti o rọrun lati ionize le ṣe iduroṣinṣin arc naa.Ni gbogbogbo, awọn agbo ogun ti awọn irin alkali ati awọn irin ilẹ ipilẹ, gẹgẹbi potasiomu carbonate, soda carbonate, marble, ati bẹbẹ lọ, ni a lo.

2. Aṣoju ti o n ṣe Slag le ṣe apẹrẹ didà pẹlu awọn ohun-ini ti ara ati kemikali lakoko alurinmorin, ti o bo oju ti irin didà, aabo adagun alurinmorin ati imudarasi apẹrẹ ti weld.

3. Deoxidizer nipasẹ iṣelọpọ kemikali irin-irin ni ilana alurinmorin lati dinku akoonu atẹgun ninu irin weld ati mu awọn ohun-ini ẹrọ ti weld.Awọn deoxidizers akọkọ jẹ ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ati ferro-titanium.

4. Aṣoju ti o npese gaasi le yapa ati tu gaasi silẹ labẹ iṣẹ ti iwọn otutu ti arc lati daabobo arc ati adagun didà ati ṣe idiwọ ifọle ti atẹgun ati nitrogen ni afẹfẹ agbegbe.

5. Aloying Aṣoju A ti lo lati sanpada fun sisun ti awọn eroja alloy ati iyipada ti awọn eroja alloy si weld lakoko ilana alurinmorin lati rii daju pe irin weld gba iṣelọpọ kemikali pataki ati iṣẹ ṣiṣe.

6. Plasticizing Lubricant Mu ṣiṣu, isokuso ati ṣiṣan ti lulú ti a bo ni ilana ti o npa ọpa lati mu didara titẹ sii ti ọpa gbigbọn ati ki o dinku eccentricity.

7. Adhesives Ṣe awọn ti a bo lulú ni kan awọn iki nigba ti funmorawon ti a bo ilana, le ìdúróṣinṣin mnu pẹlu awọn alurinmorin mojuto, ki o si ṣe awọn alurinmorin opa ti a bo ni kan awọn agbara lẹhin gbigbe.

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