Aṣayan ati igbaradi ti awọn amọna tungsten fun GTAW

Yiyan ati igbaradi ti awọn amọna tungsten fun GTAW ṣe pataki lati mu awọn abajade pọ si ati ṣe idiwọ ibajẹ ati atunṣiṣẹ.Awọn aworan Getty
Tungsten jẹ eroja irin toje ti a lo lati ṣe alurinmorin gaasi tungsten arc (GTAW) awọn amọna.Ilana GTAW da lori lile ati resistance otutu otutu ti tungsten lati gbe lọwọlọwọ alurinmorin si aaki.Aaye yo ti tungsten jẹ eyiti o ga julọ laarin gbogbo awọn irin, ni iwọn 3,410 Celsius.
Awọn amọna amọna ti kii ṣe nkan jẹ wa ni ọpọlọpọ awọn titobi ati gigun, ati pe o jẹ ti tungsten mimọ tabi awọn alloys ti tungsten ati awọn eroja aye toje ati awọn ohun elo afẹfẹ.Yiyan elekiturodu fun GTAW da lori iru ati sisanra ti sobusitireti, ati boya alternating lọwọlọwọ (AC) tabi lọwọlọwọ taara (DC) ti lo fun alurinmorin.Ewo ninu awọn igbaradi ipari mẹta ti o yan, iyipo, tokasi, tabi gige, tun ṣe pataki fun iṣapeye awọn abajade ati idilọwọ ibajẹ ati atunṣe.
Kọọkan elekiturodu ti wa ni awọ se amin lati se imukuro iporuru nipa awọn oniwe-iru.Awọn awọ han lori awọn sample ti awọn elekiturodu.
Awọn amọna tungsten mimọ (AWS classification EWP) ni 99.50% tungsten ninu, eyiti o ni iwọn lilo ti o ga julọ ti gbogbo awọn amọna, ati pe o din owo ni gbogbogbo ju awọn amọna alloy lọ.
Awọn amọna wọnyi ṣe apẹrẹ ti iyipo mimọ nigbati o gbona ati pese iduroṣinṣin aaki ti o dara julọ fun alurinmorin AC pẹlu awọn igbi iwọntunwọnsi.Tungsten mimọ tun pese iduroṣinṣin arc ti o dara fun alurinmorin igbi ti AC, paapaa lori aluminiomu ati iṣuu magnẹsia.O ti wa ni maa n ko lo fun DC alurinmorin nitori ti o ko ni pese awọn lagbara aaki ibere ni nkan ṣe pẹlu thorium tabi cerium amọna.A ko ṣe iṣeduro lati lo tungsten mimọ lori awọn ẹrọ ti o da lori ẹrọ oluyipada;fun awọn esi to dara julọ, lo cerium didasilẹ tabi awọn amọna lanthanide.
Thorium tungsten amọna (AWS classification EWTh-1 ati EWTh-2) ni o kere 97.30% tungsten ati 0.8% to 2.20% thorium.Awọn oriṣi meji lo wa: EWTh-1 ati EWTh-2, ti o ni 1% ati 2%, lẹsẹsẹ.lẹsẹsẹ.Wọn ti wa ni commonly lo amọna ati ki o ti wa ni ojurere fun won gun iṣẹ aye ati irorun ti lilo.Thorium ṣe ilọsiwaju didara itujade elekitironi ti elekiturodu, nitorinaa ilọsiwaju arc ti o bẹrẹ ati gbigba agbara gbigbe lọwọlọwọ giga.Elekiturodu n ṣiṣẹ ni isalẹ iwọn otutu ti o yo, eyiti o dinku iwọn lilo pupọ ati imukuro fiseete arc, nitorinaa imudara iduroṣinṣin.Akawe pẹlu miiran amọna, thorium amọna beebe tungsten kere ninu awọn didà pool, ki nwọn ki o fa kere weld idoti.
Awọn amọna wọnyi ni a lo ni pataki fun alurinmorin odi elekiturodu lọwọlọwọ taara (DCEN) ti irin erogba, irin alagbara, nickel ati titanium, ati diẹ ninu awọn alurinmorin AC pataki (gẹgẹbi awọn ohun elo aluminiomu tinrin).
Lakoko ilana iṣelọpọ, thorium ti tuka ni deede jakejado elekiturodu, eyiti o ṣe iranlọwọ tungsten lati ṣetọju awọn egbegbe didasilẹ rẹ lẹhin lilọ-eyi ni apẹrẹ elekiturodu to dara julọ fun alurinmorin irin tinrin.Akiyesi: Thorium jẹ ipanilara, nitorinaa o gbọdọ tẹle awọn ikilọ olupese nigbagbogbo, awọn ilana ati iwe data aabo ohun elo (MSDS) nigba lilo rẹ.
Cerium tungsten elekiturodu (AWS classification EWCe-2) ni o kere 97.30% tungsten ati 1.80% to 2,20% cerium, ati awọn ti a npe ni 2% cerium.Awọn amọna wọnyi ṣe dara julọ ni alurinmorin DC ni awọn eto lọwọlọwọ kekere, ṣugbọn o le lo ọgbọn ni awọn ilana AC.Pẹlu ibẹrẹ arc ti o dara julọ ni amperage kekere, cerium tungsten jẹ olokiki ninu awọn ohun elo bii tube iṣinipopada ati iṣelọpọ paipu, sisẹ irin dì, ati iṣẹ ti o kan kekere ati awọn ẹya kongẹ.Bii thorium, o dara julọ lo fun alurinmorin erogba irin, irin alagbara, irin nickel ati titanium.Ni awọn igba miiran, o le ropo 2% thorium amọna.Awọn ohun-ini itanna ti cerium tungsten ati thorium yatọ diẹ, ṣugbọn ọpọlọpọ awọn alurinmorin ko le ṣe iyatọ wọn.
Lilo elekiturodu cerium amperage ti o ga julọ ko ṣe iṣeduro, nitori pe amperage ti o ga julọ yoo fa ki ohun elo afẹfẹ yarayara lọ si ooru gbigbona, yọ akoonu oxide kuro ki o sọ awọn anfani ilana di alaiṣe.
Lo awọn itọnisọna tokasi ati/tabi awọn imọran gige (fun tungsten mimọ, cerium, lanthanum ati awọn oriṣi thorium) fun awọn ẹrọ oluyipada AC ati awọn ilana alurinmorin DC.
Lanthanum tungsten amọna (AWS classifications EWLa-1, EWLa-1.5 ati EWLa-2) ni o kere 97,30% tungsten ati 0.8% to 2.20% lanthanum tabi lanthanum, ati awọn ti a npe ni EWLa-1, EWLa-1.5 ati EWLa-2 Lanthanum Department ti eroja.Awọn amọna wọnyi ni agbara ibẹrẹ arc ti o dara julọ, oṣuwọn sisun kekere, iduroṣinṣin arc ti o dara ati awọn abuda ijọba ti o dara julọ-ọpọlọpọ awọn anfani kanna bi awọn amọna cerium.Awọn amọna Lanthanide tun ni awọn ohun-ini adaṣe ti 2% thorium tungsten.Ni awọn igba miiran, lanthanum-tungsten le rọpo thorium-tungsten laisi awọn ayipada pataki si ilana alurinmorin.
Ti o ba fẹ lati je ki awọn alurinmorin agbara, lanthanum tungsten elekiturodu ni bojumu wun.Wọn dara fun AC tabi DCEN pẹlu sample, tabi wọn le ṣee lo pẹlu ipese agbara igbi AC sin.Lanthanum ati tungsten le ṣetọju didasilẹ didasilẹ daradara, eyiti o jẹ anfani fun irin alurinmorin ati irin alagbara lori DC tabi AC nipa lilo ipese agbara igbi onigun mẹrin.
Ko dabi tungsten thorium, awọn amọna wọnyi dara fun alurinmorin AC ati, bii awọn amọna cerium, gba arc lati bẹrẹ ati ṣetọju ni foliteji kekere.Ti a ṣe afiwe pẹlu tungsten mimọ, fun iwọn elekiturodu ti a fun, afikun ti lanthanum oxide mu ki agbara gbigbe lọwọlọwọ ti o pọju pọ si ni isunmọ 50%.
Electrode tungsten zirconium (AWS classification EWZr-1) ni o kere ju 99.10% tungsten ati 0.15% si 0.40% zirconium.Elekiturodu tungsten zirconium le ṣe ina arc iduroṣinṣin to gaju ati ṣe idiwọ spatter tungsten.O jẹ yiyan ti o dara julọ fun alurinmorin AC nitori pe o ṣe idaduro sample iyipo kan ati pe o ni resistance idoti giga.Agbara gbigbe lọwọlọwọ jẹ dọgba si tabi tobi ju tungsten thorium.A ko ṣe iṣeduro lati lo zirconium fun alurinmorin DC labẹ eyikeyi ayidayida.
Elekiturodu tungsten aiye toje (AWS classification EWG) ni awọn afikun ohun elo afẹfẹ aye toje ti ko ni pato tabi apapo awọn oxides oriṣiriṣi, ṣugbọn olupese nilo lati tọka afikun kọọkan ati ipin ogorun rẹ lori package.Ti o da lori arosọ, awọn abajade ti o fẹ le pẹlu ti ipilẹṣẹ arc iduroṣinṣin lakoko awọn ilana AC ati DC, igbesi aye gigun ju thorium tungsten, agbara lati lo awọn amọna iwọn ila opin kekere ni iṣẹ kanna, ati lilo awọn amọna ti iwọn kanna ti o ga julọ lọwọlọwọ, ati ki o kere tungsten spatter.
Lẹhin yiyan iru elekiturodu, igbesẹ ti n tẹle ni lati yan igbaradi ipari.Awọn aṣayan mẹta jẹ ti iyipo, tokasi ati truncated.
Titi iyipo ni a maa n lo fun tungsten mimọ ati awọn amọna zirconium ati pe a ṣe iṣeduro fun awọn ilana AC lori igbi iṣan ati awọn ẹrọ GTAW onigun mẹrin ti aṣa.Lati ṣe deede terraform opin tungsten, nirọrun lo AC lọwọlọwọ ti a ṣe iṣeduro fun iwọn ila opin ti a fun (wo Figure 1), ati bọọlu kan yoo ṣẹda ni opin elekiturodu.
Iwọn ila opin ti iyipo ko yẹ ki o kọja awọn akoko 1.5 iwọn ila opin ti elekiturodu (fun apẹẹrẹ, elekiturodu 1/8-inch yẹ ki o ṣe iwọn ila opin 3/16-inch).Ayika ti o tobi julọ ni ipari ti elekiturodu dinku iduroṣinṣin arc.O tun le ṣubu kuro ki o ba awọn weld naa jẹ.
Awọn imọran ati/tabi awọn imọran gepa (fun tungsten mimọ, cerium, lanthanum ati awọn oriṣi thorium) ni a lo ni awọn ilana alurinmorin AC ati DC.
Lati lọ tungsten daradara, lo kẹkẹ lilọ ni pataki ti a ṣe apẹrẹ fun lilọ tungsten (lati ṣe idiwọ ibajẹ) ati kẹkẹ lilọ ti a ṣe ti borax tabi diamond (lati koju lile tungsten).Akiyesi: Ti o ba n lọ thorium tungsten, jọwọ rii daju lati ṣakoso ati gba eruku;awọn lilọ ibudo ni o ni deedee fentilesonu eto;ati tẹle awọn ikilọ ti olupese, awọn ilana ati MSDS.
Lilọ tungsten taara lori kẹkẹ ni igun iwọn 90 (wo Nọmba 2) lati rii daju pe awọn aami lilọ fa ni gigun gigun ti elekiturodu.Ṣiṣe bẹ le dinku wiwa awọn ridges lori tungsten, eyiti o le fa arc fiseete tabi yo sinu adagun weld, ti o yọrisi ibajẹ.
Ni gbogbogbo, o fẹ lati lọ taper lori tungsten si ko ju awọn akoko 2.5 ni iwọn ila opin elekiturodu (fun apẹẹrẹ, fun elekiturodu 1/8-inch, dada ilẹ jẹ 1/4 si 5/16 inches gigun).Lilọ tungsten sinu konu kan le ṣe irọrun iyipada ti ibẹrẹ arc, ati gbejade arc ti o ni idojukọ diẹ sii, ki o le gba iṣẹ alurinmorin to dara julọ.
Nigbati alurinmorin lori awọn ohun elo tinrin (0.005 si 0.040 inches) ni kekere lọwọlọwọ, o dara julọ lati lọ tungsten si aaye kan.Italologo naa ngbanilaaye lọwọlọwọ alurinmorin lati tan kaakiri ni aaki idojukọ ati ṣe iranlọwọ lati yago fun abuku ti awọn irin tinrin bii aluminiomu.A ko ṣe iṣeduro lati lo tungsten tokasi fun awọn ohun elo lọwọlọwọ ti o ga julọ nitori pe lọwọlọwọ ti o ga julọ yoo fẹ kuro ni ipari ti tungsten ati fa ibajẹ ti adagun weld.
Fun awọn ohun elo lọwọlọwọ ti o ga julọ, o dara julọ lati lọ itọsi truncated.Lati gba apẹrẹ yii, tungsten jẹ ilẹ akọkọ si taper ti a ṣalaye loke, ati lẹhinna ilẹ si 0.010 si 0.030 inches.Ilẹ alapin ni opin tungsten.Ilẹ pẹlẹbẹ yii ṣe iranlọwọ fun idena tungsten lati gbigbe nipasẹ arc.O tun idilọwọ awọn Ibiyi ti awọn boolu.
WELDER, ti a mọ tẹlẹ bi Welding Practical Today, ṣe afihan awọn eniyan gidi ti o ṣe awọn ọja ti a lo ati ṣiṣẹ ni gbogbo ọjọ.Linlinnamẹwe ehe ko wadevizọn na lẹdo nudọnamẹ tọn lẹ to Agewaji Amelika tọn na nuhe hugan owhe 20.

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